Asthma
- What is Asthma?
- Types of Asthma
- What Causes Asthma?
- Risk Factors for Asthma
- Asthma Symptoms
- Severity of Asthma
- Asthma Testing
- Treatment Options
- Long Term Control Asthma Medications
- Quick Relief Asthma Medications
- Managing Asthma
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Long Term Control Asthma Medications
These medications generally need to be taken daily.
The following are all long term control medications grouped together by medication type:
| Inhaled corticosteroids – these reduce airway inflammation and are the most commonly used long-term asthma medication. They are considered relatively low risk for long term corticosteroid side effects. You may need to use these medications for several days to weeks before they reach their maximum benefits.
Inhaled Corticosteroid Medications Include: |
| Generic Name: Beclomethasone Diaproprionate
Brand Names: QVAR 40mg, QVAR 80mg |
|
| Generic Name: Budesonide
Brand Names: Pulmicort Respules, Pulmicort Turbuhaler |
|
| Generic Name: Flunisolide
Brand Names: AeroBid, Aerospan HFA |
|
| Generic Name: Fluticasone Proprionate
Brand Names: Flovent, Flovent Diskus (50 mg; 100 mg; 250mg), Flovent HFA |
|
| Generic Name: Mometasone Furoate
Brand Name: Asthmanex |
|
| Generic Name: Triamcinolone
Brand Name: Azmacort |
Possible side effects include, but are not limited to: dry mouth, cough, hoarseness, headache, nosebleeds (nasal steroids only), throat irritation |
| Long Acting Bronchodilators – long acting beta-2 agonists (LABAs) – are inhaled medications that open your airways and reduce inflammation. Long acting bronchodilators should not be used for quick relief of asthma symptoms.
Examples of Long Acting Bronchodilators Include: |
| Generic Name: Formoterol Fumarate
Brand Name: Foradil Aerolizer |
|
| Generic Name: Salmeterol Xinofate
Brand Name: Serevent Diskus |
Possible side effects include, but are not limited to: increased heart rate, palpitations, nervousness, sleeplessness, headache, nausea, vomiting, tremor, shaking feeling |
| Combination Medications – Long Acting Bronchodilators with Corticosteroid - these are inhaled medications that treat airway constriction and inflammation. Examples include: |
| Generic Name: Flucticasone Propionate & Salmeterol Xinofate
Brand Name: Advair |
|
| Generic Name: Budesonide & Formeterol Fumerate
Brand Name: Symbicort |
Possible side effects include, but are not limited to: cough, dry mouth, hoarseness, headache, increased heart rate, palpitations, nervousness, sleeplessness, headache, nausea, throat irritation, vomiting, tremor, shaking feeling |
Leukotriene Modifiers – Another medication option for allergy sufferers, particularly effective for those who also have asthma (although it is used to treat symptoms of hay fever as well) is leukotriene inhibitors. Leukotrienes are inflammatory chemicals released by your immune system (similar to the release of histamine) during an allergic reaction. The following medications are prescription leukotriene inhibitors approved for those with asthma and indoor and outdoor allergies
| Generic Name: Montelukast
Brand Name: Singulair (10 mg tablet) |
| Generic Name: Zafirlukast
Brand Name: Accolate |
| Generic Name: Zileuton
Brand Name: Zyflo |
Possible side effects include, but are not limited to: cough, dizziness, headache, stomach upset or pain, stuffy nose, tiredness, or muscle weakness. |
Cromolyn and Nedocromil – these medications are mast cell stabilizers, which inhibit the mast cells (the main purpose of a mast cell is to destroy microorganisms invading your body) from releasing the chemical histamine. These types of medications may be used before exposure to the known trigger and are used to prevent wheezing, shortness of breath, and other breathing problems caused by asthma. They are administered via an inhaler.
| Generic Name: Cromolyn Sodium
Brand Name: Intal |
| Generic Name: Nedocromil Sodium
Brand Name: Tilade |
Possible side effects include, but are not limited to: abdominal pain, coughing, headache, nausea, skin rash/itching, sore throat. |
| Theophylline – a daily medication in pill form that serves as a bronchodilator by opening your airways by relaxing the muscles around the airways. |
| Generic Name: Theophylline
Brand Names: Aerolate III, Aerolate JR, Aerolate SR, Choledyl SA, Elixophyllin, Quibron-T, Quibron-T/SR, Slo-bid, Slo-Phyllin, Theo-24, Theochron, Theo-Dur, Theolair, Theolair SR, T-Phyl, Uni-Dur, Uniphyl |
Possible side effects include, but are not limited to: stomach upset, nausea and vomiting, restlessness, rapid heart rate, wakefulness, irritability, dizziness, palpitations |
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